مقایسهٔ روش‌ها

	قوم‌نگاری دیجیتال با تحریک بصری	نتنوگرافی
حوزه	کیفی	کیفی
خانواده	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
سال پیدایش	2000s–2010s	1997 (coined); 2010 (first comprehensive methodology book)
پدیدآور	Synthesized from Douglas Harper (photo elicitation, 2002) and Sarah Pink (visual ethnography, 2001/2007)	Robert V. Kozinets
نوع	Qualitative research design	Qualitative research method
منبع بنیادین	Pink, S. (2007). Doing Visual Ethnography: Images, Media and Representation in Research (2nd ed.). Sage. ISBN: 978-1412929523	Kozinets, R. V. (2010). Netnography: Doing Ethnographic Research Online. Sage. ISBN: 978-1847875907
نام‌های دیگر	VEDE, digital photo elicitation ethnography, visual digital ethnography, image-based digital ethnography	online ethnography, virtual ethnography, cyber-ethnography, digital ethnography
مرتبط	3	6
خلاصه	Visual elicitation digital ethnography is a qualitative research design that embeds visual elicitation techniques — using photographs, videos, or digital images as interview stimuli — within digital ethnographic fieldwork conducted in online or digitally mediated environments. Participants produce or select visual materials from their digital lives, which are then used to elicit in-depth talk about meanings, identities, and practices that verbal questioning alone often fails to surface.	Netnography is a qualitative research method that adapts the principles of cultural ethnography to the study of online communities and social media environments. Coined by Robert Kozinets in 1997 and systematised in his 2010 handbook, netnography treats digital spaces — forums, social networks, blogs, review sites — as naturally occurring field sites where communities gather, share meanings, and construct identities. The method combines unobtrusive observation of digital traces with active participation and, where appropriate, direct member interaction.