مقایسهٔ روش‌ها

	دفتر پژوهش سه‌جانبه	گردآوری اسناد سه‌سویه
حوزه	روش‌شناسی پیمایش	روش‌شناسی پیمایش
خانواده	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
سال پیدایش	1970s–1980s (triangulation formalized by Denzin 1978; diary methodology developed through 1980s)	1978 (triangulation); 2009 (document analysis as method)
پدیدآور	Norman K. Denzin (triangulation framework); Mary Louise Holly (research diary practice)	Norman K. Denzin (triangulation principle); Glenn Bowen (document analysis formalization)
نوع	Qualitative data collection technique	Qualitative/mixed-methods data collection strategy
منبع بنیادین	Denzin, N. K. (1978). The Research Act: A Theoretical Introduction to Sociological Methods (2nd ed.). McGraw-Hill.	Denzin, N. K. (1978). The Research Act: A Theoretical Introduction to Sociological Methods (2nd ed.). McGraw-Hill.
نام‌های دیگر	reflective diary triangulation, multi-method research journal, triangulated reflexive diary, diary-based triangulation	documentary triangulation, multi-source document collection, cross-source document analysis, data triangulation via documents
مرتبط	6	4
خلاصه	A Triangulated Research Diary is a qualitative data collection approach in which a researcher's ongoing reflective diary is used as one strand within a triangulated data collection strategy. The diary records observations, decisions, emotions, and emerging interpretations across the study, while at least one other data source — such as interviews, documents, or observations — is collected in parallel. Cross-checking diary entries against other sources increases the credibility and depth of the findings.	Triangulated document collection is a qualitative data collection strategy in which documents from multiple independent sources are gathered and cross-checked against one another. By drawing on different document types — such as official records, personal archives, institutional reports, and media artifacts — the researcher reduces reliance on any single source and strengthens the credibility of the evidence base. The approach applies Denzin's data triangulation principle directly to documentary material.