مقایسهٔ روش‌ها

	Tree Testing	آزمون کلیک نخست
حوزه	تعامل انسان و رایانه	تعامل انسان و رایانه
خانواده	Hypothesis test	Hypothesis test
سال پیدایش	2000s	2000s
پدیدآور	Usability Professionals	Quirkstudio and UX Practitioners
نوع	Task-based testing of navigation structures	Click-based navigation evaluation in realistic visual context
منبع بنیادین	Tullis, T., Fleischman, S., McNulty, M., Ciccone, C., & Bergel, M. (2002). An empirical comparison of lab and remote usability testing of web sites. In Proceedings of the Usability Professionals Association Annual Conference.	Quirkstudio. (2014). First Click Testing: User Research for Navigation. Quirkstudio White Paper.
نام‌های دیگر	Reverse Card Sort, Card Sorting Validation	First Click Test, FCT
مرتبط	4	4
خلاصه	Tree Testing is a quantitative, task-based validation method for evaluating information architecture and navigation structures. Users are presented with a text-only representation of a website or app hierarchy (a tree) and asked to locate specific items or complete tasks by clicking through the structure. Unlike card sorting, which reveals user mental models during design, tree testing validates whether a proposed structure allows users to find items efficiently. The method captures success rate, time-to-completion, and paths taken, providing metrics for comparing navigation designs.	First-Click Testing is a rapid, quantitative method for evaluating whether users click on the correct element to start a task on a web page or screen. Users view a screenshot or live page and are asked to click where they would start a specific task. The test measures success rate (correct first click) and records which elements are commonly misclicked. Unlike tree testing (text-only navigation), first-click testing preserves visual design, isolating navigation labeling and visual information architecture in realistic context.