مقایسهٔ روش‌ها

	Terror Management Experiment	Nationalism and Patriotism Scale
حوزه	روان‌شناسی سیاسی	روان‌شناسی سیاسی
خانواده	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
سال پیدایش	1990	1989
پدیدآور	Jeff Greenberg, Tom Pyszczynski & Sheldon Solomon	Rick Kosterman & Seymour Feshbach
نوع	Lab experiment	Self-report attitude scale
منبع بنیادین	Greenberg, J., Pyszczynski, T., Solomon, S., Rosenblatt, A., Veeder, M., Kirkland, S., & Lyon, D. (1990). Evidence for terror management theory II: The effects of mortality salience on reactions to those who threaten or bolster the cultural worldview. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 58(2), 308-318.	Kosterman, R., & Feshbach, S. (1989). Toward a measure of patriotic and nationalistic attitudes. Political Psychology, 10(2), 257-274.
نام‌های دیگر	Mortality Salience Experiment, TMT Experiment, Death-Thought Accessibility Study	Patriotism-Nationalism Scale, Kosterman-Feshbach Scale, Blind and Constructive Patriotism Scale
مرتبط	4	4
خلاصه	A terror management experiment tests terror management theory (TMT), which holds that awareness of one's own mortality creates potential anxiety that people manage by defending their cultural worldview and self-esteem. The canonical mortality-salience paradigm (Greenberg et al., 1990) experimentally reminds participants of death and measures increased worldview defense, such as harsher judgments of out-groups and stronger ingroup and political allegiance.	The Nationalism and Patriotism Scale, introduced by Kosterman and Feshbach (1989), distinguishes patriotism (love of and attachment to one's nation) from nationalism (belief in national superiority and a desire for dominance over other nations). It established that national attachment is not a single attitude but a set of separable dimensions, a distinction later extended by Schatz, Staub and Lavine (1999) into blind versus constructive patriotism.