مقایسهٔ روش‌ها

	مدل‌سازی معادلات ساختاری (SEM)	آمار فضایی مبتنی بر مسیر (Tract-Based Spatial Statistics)
حوزه	آمار پژوهش	تصویربرداری عصبی
خانواده	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
سال پیدایش	1921	2006
پدیدآور	Sewall Wright	Stephen M. Smith
نوع	Method	Diffusion MRI white matter analysis pipeline
منبع بنیادین	Jöreskog, K. G., & Sörbom, D. (1973). LISREL: A general computer program for estimating a linear structural equation system. Research Bulletin 73-5. University of Stockholm.	Smith, S. M., Jenkinson, M., Johansen-Berg, H., et al. (2006). Tract-based spatial statistics: voxelwise analysis of multi-subject diffusion data. NeuroImage, 31(4), 1487–1505.
نام‌های دیگر	SEM, path analysis, latent variable modeling, causal modeling	TBSS, white matter skeleton analysis
مرتبط	3	3
خلاصه	Structural equation modeling (SEM) is a comprehensive statistical framework combining path analysis (Sewall Wright, 1921) and confirmatory factor analysis to test complex causal models linking observed and latent variables. Formalized by Jöreskog (1973) with LISREL software, SEM enables simultaneous estimation of measurement relationships (how variables measure latent constructs) and structural relationships (how constructs influence outcomes), making it powerful for theory testing in psychology, epidemiology, organizational research, and health sciences where complex mediation, moderation, and latent processes require integrated analysis.	Tract-Based Spatial Statistics (TBSS) is a voxel-wise analysis method for detecting group differences in white matter microstructure from diffusion MRI data. Published by Stephen M. Smith and colleagues in 2006, TBSS addresses registration and multiple comparison problems inherent in voxel-wise analysis by projecting individual FA maps onto a white matter skeleton derived from a population template.