مقایسهٔ روش‌ها

	آزمایش خوشه‌ای با گام‌های پله‌ای تصادفی	کارآزمایی تصادفی خوشه‌ای
حوزه	استنتاج علّی	پژوهش بالینی
خانواده	Regression model	Process / pipeline
سال پیدایش	2007	1999-2000
پدیدآور	Hussey and Hughes	Campbell, Grimshaw, Elbourne et al.
نوع	Phased implementation trial design	Research Design
منبع بنیادین	Hemming, K., Haines, T. P., Chilton, P. J., Girling, A. J., & Lilford, R. J. (2015). The stepped wedge cluster randomised trial: rationale, design, analysis, and reporting. British Medical Journal, 350, h391.	Campbell, M. K., Grimshaw, J. M., & Elbourne, D. R. (2000). Intracluster correlation coefficients in cluster randomized trials: empirical insights into how should they be reported. BMC Medical Research Methodology, 4, 30.
نام‌های دیگر	SWCRT, SW-CRT, Stepped Wedge Design	CRT, cluster RCT, cluster trial, group randomization
مرتبط	3	3
خلاصه	A stepped wedge cluster randomized trial is an experimental design where clusters (e.g., schools, hospitals, communities) are randomized to receive an intervention in a phased, staggered manner over time. First formally described by Hussey and Hughes in 2007, this design combines the benefits of cluster randomization with a time-stepped implementation strategy. It is particularly useful for evaluating the effectiveness of interventions in real-world healthcare and public health settings.	A cluster randomized trial (CRT) randomizes intact groups—schools, clinics, villages, or hospital wards—rather than individuals. Developed by Campbell, Grimshaw, and colleagues in the late 1990s to address real-world settings where intervention delivery or contamination occurs at the group level, CRTs are now standard for evaluating population-level, community-based, and policy interventions.