مقایسهٔ روش‌ها

	ضریب همبستگی رتبه‌ای اسپیرمن	آزمون یو مان-ویتنی
حوزه	آمار	آمار
خانواده	Hypothesis test	Hypothesis test
سال پیدایش	1904	1947
پدیدآور	Charles Spearman	H. B. Mann & D. R. Whitney
نوع	Nonparametric rank-based correlation	Nonparametric two-group comparison
منبع بنیادین	Spearman, C. (1904). The proof and measurement of association between two things. The American Journal of Psychology, 15, 72–101.	Mann, H. B. & Whitney, D. R. (1947). On a test of whether one of two random variables is stochastically larger than the other. Annals of Mathematical Statistics, 18(1), 50–60.
نام‌های دیگر	Spearman's rho, Spearman rank-order correlation, Spearman Sıra Korelasyonu	Mann-Whitney-Wilcoxon test, Wilcoxon rank-sum test, Mann-Whitney U Testi
مرتبط	4	4
خلاصه	The Spearman rank correlation coefficient (ρ) is a nonparametric measure of the monotonic association between two variables. Introduced by Charles Spearman in 1904, it converts raw observations to ranks and measures how consistently one variable increases as the other increases, without assuming a normal distribution or a linear relationship.	The Mann-Whitney U test is the nonparametric alternative to the independent samples t-test, comparing two independent groups by ranking all observations together rather than relying on their means. It was introduced by H. B. Mann and D. R. Whitney in 1947 and does not require the data to be normally distributed.