مقایسهٔ روش‌ها

	Social Shaping of Technology	Technological Frames Analysis
حوزه	Science Technology Studies	Science Technology Studies
خانواده	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
سال پیدایش	1985	1995
پدیدآور	Donald MacKenzie, Judy Wajcman, Robin Williams, David Edge	Wiebe E. Bijker; extended to organisations by Wanda Orlikowski & Debra Gash
نوع	Analytic tradition and method in the sociology of technology	Qualitative interpretive method
منبع بنیادین	MacKenzie, D., & Wajcman, J. (Eds.). (1999). The Social Shaping of Technology (2nd ed.). Open University Press. ISBN: 9780335199136	Bijker, W. E. (1995). Of Bicycles, Bakelites, and Bulbs: Toward a Theory of Sociotechnical Change. MIT Press. ISBN: 9780262023764
نام‌های دیگر	SST analysis, Social shaping approach, Shaping of technology framework	Technological frame analysis, Frame incongruence analysis, Relevant social group framing
مرتبط	4	4
خلاصه	The Social Shaping of Technology (SST) is the umbrella tradition in the sociology of technology that rejects technological determinism and argues that the content and trajectory of technical artefacts are themselves outcomes of social, economic, organisational, and political choices. Rather than treating technology as an autonomous force whose effects society must merely absorb, SST analysis opens the 'black box' of design and shows that at every stage—conception, development, standardisation, and use—things could have been, and were, decided otherwise.	Technological frames analysis examines the shared assumptions, goals, and problem-solving strategies through which groups make sense of a technology and act upon it. Introduced by Wiebe Bijker as part of the social construction of technology, a technological frame structures the interaction among members of a relevant social group and binds the meaning of an artefact to their concerns. Wanda Orlikowski and Debra Gash later carried the concept into organisations, showing how different stakeholder groups hold distinct frames about information technology and how the resulting frame incongruence shapes adoption and use. The method reconstructs these frames, analyses their content, and links them to technological outcomes.