مقایسهٔ روش‌ها

	طراحی آزمایشی تک‌موضوعی	طرح آزمایشی پیش‌آزمون-پس‌آزمون
حوزه	طراحی آزمایش	طراحی آزمایش
خانواده	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
سال پیدایش	1960s (Sidman 1960; formal applied codification by Kazdin and Baer in 1970s–1980s)	1963 (formalized in Campbell & Stanley)
پدیدآور	Murray Sidman (foundational tactics); B. F. Skinner (applied behavior analysis lineage)	Donald T. Campbell and Julian C. Stanley
نوع	Experimental research design	Experimental / quasi-experimental research design
منبع بنیادین	Kazdin, A. E. (1982). Single-Case Research Designs: Methods for Clinical and Applied Settings. Oxford University Press. ISBN: 978-0195030440	Campbell, D. T., & Stanley, J. C. (1963). Experimental and Quasi-Experimental Designs for Research. Rand McNally.
نام‌های دیگر	SSED, single-case experimental design, n-of-1 design, intrasubject replication design	pretest-posttest design, before-after design, pre-post design, two-wave experimental design
مرتبط	6	5
خلاصه	Single-subject experimental design (SSED) establishes experimental control by repeatedly measuring one individual (or a small number of individuals) across baseline and intervention phases, using the participant as their own control. Instead of comparing groups, it compares the participant's own behavior across conditions over time. Widely used in applied behavior analysis, special education, rehabilitation, and clinical psychology, SSED allows causal inference from small or unique samples where group designs are impractical.	The pretest-posttest experimental design measures participants on the outcome variable before and after treatment, typically with random assignment to treatment and control groups. The difference between pre- and post-scores isolates the treatment effect from baseline variation, making this one of the most widely used frameworks in experimental and quasi-experimental research across education, psychology, medicine, and the social sciences.