مقایسهٔ روش‌ها

	Shift-Share Analysis	متغیر ابزار شیفت-شر (ابزار بارتیک)
حوزه	اقتصاد	استنتاج علّی
خانواده	Process / pipeline	Regression model
سال پیدایش	1960	2020
پدیدآور	Edgar S. Dunn (Daniel Creamer credited with early use)	Bartik (1991); identification framework by Goldsmith-Pinkham, Sorkin & Swift (2020) and Borusyak, Hull & Jaravel (2022)
نوع	Descriptive decomposition of regional growth	Instrumental-variable design
منبع بنیادین	Dunn, E. S. (1960). A statistical and analytical technique for regional analysis. Papers of the Regional Science Association, 6(1), 97–112.	Goldsmith-Pinkham, P., Sorkin, I. & Swift, H. (2020). Bartik Instruments: What, When, Why, and How. American Economic Review, 110(8), 2586–2624.
نام‌های دیگر	Shift-Share Decomposition, SSA, Esteban-Marquillas Shift-Share, Regional Shift-Share	Bartik instrument, shift-share instrument, Shift-Share Araç Değişkeni (Bartik Instrument)
مرتبط	3	5
خلاصه	Shift-share analysis is a descriptive technique that decomposes the change in a regional variable — most often sectoral employment — into three additive components: the part attributable to overall national growth, the part attributable to the region's industry mix, and the part attributable to the region's own competitive performance. Formalized by Edgar Dunn in 1960, it answers whether a region grew because the national economy grew, because it specializes in fast-growing industries, or because its industries outperformed (or underperformed) their national counterparts.	The shift-share instrumental variable, widely known as the Bartik instrument, is a causal-inference strategy that builds an instrument by interacting national or sector-level shocks (the shifts) with local composition weights (the shares). Its modern identification framework was set out by Goldsmith-Pinkham, Sorkin and Swift (2020) and Borusyak, Hull and Jaravel (2022).