مقایسهٔ روش‌ها

	تحلیل حساسیت برای علیت در پژوهش‌های آموزشی	طرح گسستگی رگرسیون (RDD)
حوزه	استنتاج علّی	استنتاج علّی
خانواده	Regression model	Regression model
سال پیدایش	1983–2002	2008
پدیدآور	Paul R. Rosenbaum (formal framework); applied in education research by Briggs and others	Imbens & Lemieux (guide to practice); Cattaneo, Idrobo & Titiunik (practical introduction)
نوع	Causal robustness / bias assessment	Quasi-experimental causal design
منبع بنیادین	Rosenbaum, P. R. (2002). Observational Studies (2nd ed.). Springer. ISBN: 978-0387989679	Imbens, G. W., & Lemieux, T. (2008). Regression Discontinuity Designs: A Guide to Practice. Journal of Econometrics, 142(2), 615-635.
نام‌های دیگر	Rosenbaum sensitivity analysis, hidden-bias sensitivity analysis, causal sensitivity analysis, SA for causal education studies	RDD, regression discontinuity design, sharp RDD, fuzzy RDD
مرتبط	6	5
خلاصه	Sensitivity analysis for causality in education research tests how robust a quasi-experimental finding is to unmeasured confounding. Rather than assuming all bias has been removed, it quantifies how large a hidden bias would need to be to overturn a causal conclusion — a critical safeguard when randomisation is impossible, which is common in educational settings.	Regression Discontinuity Design is a quasi-experimental method that identifies a causal effect by locally comparing units just above and just below a cutoff on a continuous assignment (running) variable. Formalised for applied work by Imbens and Lemieux (2008) and developed as a practical framework by Cattaneo, Idrobo, and Titiunik (2020), it estimates a local average treatment effect (LATE) at the threshold.