مقایسهٔ روش‌ها

	Schwartz Value Survey	Need for Closure Scale
حوزه	روان‌شناسی سیاسی	روان‌شناسی سیاسی
خانواده	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
سال پیدایش	1992	1994
پدیدآور	Shalom H. Schwartz	Donna M. Webster & Arie W. Kruglanski
نوع	Self-report values survey	Self-report individual-difference scale
منبع بنیادین	Schwartz, S. H. (1992). Universals in the content and structure of values: Theoretical advances and empirical tests in 20 countries. Advances in Experimental Social Psychology, 25, 1-65.	Webster, D. M., & Kruglanski, A. W. (1994). Individual differences in need for cognitive closure. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 67(6), 1049-1062.
نام‌های دیگر	SVS, Schwartz Theory of Basic Values, Portrait Values Questionnaire	NFCS, Need for Cognitive Closure Scale, Webster-Kruglanski Scale
مرتبط	4	4
خلاصه	The Schwartz Value Survey (SVS) operationalizes Schwartz's (1992) theory of basic human values, which identifies ten (later refined to nineteen) motivationally distinct values organized in a circular structure along two axes: openness to change versus conservation, and self-enhancement versus self-transcendence. It is the most widely used cross-cultural values instrument and underlies much research on the value basis of political ideology.	The Need for Cognitive Closure Scale, developed by Webster and Kruglanski (1994), measures a stable individual difference in the desire for a firm, definite answer to a question and an aversion to ambiguity and uncertainty. High need for closure is a key epistemic-motivation construct in political psychology, linked to conservatism, prejudice, intolerance of dissent, and resistance to belief change.