مقایسهٔ روش‌ها

	مدل‌های موجودی ایمنی و نقطه سفارش مجدد	مدل فروشنده روزنامه
حوزه	پژوهش عملیات	پژوهش عملیات
خانواده	Regression model	Regression model
سال پیدایش	1998	1951
پدیدآور	Silver, Pyke & Peterson	Arrow, Harris & Marschak
نوع	Stochastic inventory control model	Stochastic single-period inventory optimization
منبع بنیادین	Silver, E. A., Pyke, D. F., & Peterson, R. (1998). Inventory Management and Production Planning and Scheduling (3rd ed.). Wiley. ISBN: 978-0-471-11947-0	Arrow, K. J., Harris, T., & Marschak, J. (1951). Optimal inventory policy. Econometrica, 19(3), 250–272.
نام‌های دیگر	Buffer Stock, Reserve Stock, Reorder-Point Model, Emniyet Stoğu	Newsboy Model, Single-Period Inventory Model, Christmas Tree Problem, Gazete Satıcısı Modeli
مرتبط	3	3
خلاصه	Safety stock is an additional quantity of inventory held beyond expected demand during a replenishment lead time, designed to protect against stockouts caused by demand or supply uncertainty. Reorder-point models formalize this buffer by setting a trigger inventory level at which a new order is placed. Systematically developed within the stochastic inventory-control framework by Silver, Pyke, and Peterson (1998), the approach translates a desired customer-service level into a precise buffer quantity using the statistics of demand and lead-time variability.	The Newsvendor Model is a single-period stochastic inventory optimization framework that determines the profit-maximizing order quantity when demand is uncertain and unsold units cannot be carried forward. Formally introduced by Arrow, Harris, and Marschak (1951) in their foundational work on optimal inventory policy, the model balances the cost of ordering too much (overage) against the cost of ordering too little (underage) to yield a closed-form optimality condition known as the critical ratio.