مقایسهٔ روشها
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| مطالعه کوهورت گذشتهنگر× | مطالعه مورد-شاهدی× | |
|---|---|---|
| حوزه | اپیدمیولوژی | اپیدمیولوژی |
| خانواده | Process / pipeline | Process / pipeline |
| سال پیدایش≠ | Mid-20th century (widely formalized 1950s–1970s) | 1950s (formal methodology); precursors in the 1920s |
| پدیدآور≠ | Systematic use attributed to early 20th-century occupational epidemiology; formalized in modern epidemiological theory by Brian MacMahon and others | Janet Lane-Claypon (early precursors, 1926); formalized by Brian MacMahon and Jerome Cornfield in the 1950s–1960s |
| نوع≠ | Observational analytic study | Observational analytic study design |
| منبع بنیادین≠ | Rothman, K. J., Greenland, S., & Lash, T. L. (2008). Modern Epidemiology (3rd ed.). Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. ISBN: 978-0781755641 | Schlesselman, J.J. (1982). Case-Control Studies: Design, Conduct, Analysis. Oxford University Press. ISBN: 978-0195027860 |
| نامهای دیگر | historical cohort study, non-concurrent cohort study, retrospective follow-up study, historical prospective study | case-referent study, case-control design, retrospective case-control, case-control analysis |
| مرتبط | 6 | 6 |
| خلاصه≠ | A retrospective cohort study assembles a group of individuals who share a common starting point and reconstructs their exposure history and subsequent outcomes entirely from pre-existing records. Because the data have already been collected before the study begins, the design is far faster and cheaper than a prospective cohort; however, the researcher must work with whatever information was recorded at the time rather than collecting purpose-built measurements. | A case-control study is a retrospective observational design in which individuals who have developed a disease or outcome of interest (cases) are compared with individuals who have not (controls) to determine whether prior exposure to a putative risk factor differs between the two groups. The primary measure of association is the odds ratio, which approximates the relative risk when the outcome is rare. Case-control studies are especially efficient for investigating rare diseases and generating etiological hypotheses. |
| ScholarGateمجموعهداده ↗ |
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