مقایسهٔ روش‌ها

	آزمون z دو نسبتی	آزمون تی نمونه‌های مستقل
حوزه	آمار	آمار
خانواده	Hypothesis test	Hypothesis test
سال پیدایش	1900	1908
پدیدآور	Karl Pearson / classical large-sample z approximation	Student (W. S. Gosset)
نوع	Parametric proportion comparison	Parametric mean comparison
منبع بنیادین	Fleiss, J. L., Levin, B., & Paik, M. C. (2003). Statistical Methods for Rates and Proportions (3rd ed.). Wiley.	Student (1908). The probable error of a mean. Biometrika, 6(1), 1–25.
نام‌های دیگر	z-test for proportions, two-sample proportion test, one-proportion z-test, Oran Testi — z Testi (Oranlar)	student t-test, two-sample t-test, unpaired t-test, bağımsız örneklem t-testi
مرتبط	4	4
خلاصه	The proportion test (z-test for proportions) is a parametric hypothesis test that compares one or two sample proportions against a reference value or each other. Grounded in the large-sample normal approximation formalized by Fleiss, Levin, and Paik (2003), it is the standard tool for binary outcome comparisons when samples are large enough for the central limit theorem to apply.	The independent samples t-test is a parametric hypothesis test that compares the means of two independent groups to decide whether they differ significantly. It builds on the t-distribution introduced by Student (W. S. Gosset) in 1908 and assumes the measured values are continuous, approximately normally distributed, and have equal variances.