مقایسهٔ روش‌ها

	نمونه‌برداری تجربی سیار آزمایشی	آزمون مقدماتی پرسشنامه
حوزه	روش‌شناسی پیمایش	روش‌شناسی پیمایش
خانواده	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
سال پیدایش	2000s–2010s (mobile ESM); pilot-testing practice codified in 2010s	Widely formalised from the 1970s-1980s
پدیدآور	Reed Larson & Mihaly Csikszentmihalyi (ESM); mobile adaptation developed across 2000s–2010s	Systematic practice codified by Jean M. Converse and Stanley Presser
نوع	Data collection technique	Survey design and validation procedure
منبع بنیادین	Larson, R., & Csikszentmihalyi, M. (1983). The experience sampling method. New Directions for Methodology of Social and Behavioral Science, 15, 41–56.	Converse, J. M., & Presser, S. (1986). Survey Questions: Handcrafting the Standardized Questionnaire. Sage. ISBN: 978-0803925557
نام‌های دیگر	pilot-tested mobile ESM, pretested mESM, validated mobile experience sampling, mobile ESM with pilot phase	pre-tested survey, survey pre-testing, questionnaire pilot study, survey field test
مرتبط	4	6
خلاصه	Pilot-tested mobile experience sampling (mESM) is a data collection approach that combines smartphone-delivered, real-time self-report prompts — the Experience Sampling Method — with a structured pilot phase to validate the instrument, signal timing, burden level, and response quality before full deployment. The pilot phase is not optional decoration; it is the core quality gate that separates a rigorously validated mESM study from an ad hoc one.	A pilot-tested survey is a structured questionnaire that has been administered to a small, representative sample before the main data-collection phase. The purpose is to detect problems with wording, response options, skip logic, or timing, allowing the researcher to refine the instrument before it reaches the full sample. Pilot testing is not a separate research design; it is a quality-assurance step embedded within survey methodology that substantially reduces measurement error.