مقایسهٔ روش‌ها

	Psychophysiological Measures in Media Research	Experience Sampling in Media Research
حوزه	Communication	Communication
خانواده	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
سال پیدایش	2004	1987
پدیدآور	Psychophysiology of media (Ravaja; Lang's tradition)	Mihaly Csikszentmihalyi & Reed Larson
نوع	Real-time physiological measurement of attention and emotion to media	Momentary self-report of media use and experience in real time
منبع بنیادین	Ravaja, N. (2004). Contributions of psychophysiology to media research: Review and recommendations. Media Psychology, 6(2), 193–235.	Csikszentmihalyi, M., & Larson, R. (1987). Validity and reliability of the experience-sampling method. The Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease, 175(9), 526–536.
نام‌های دیگر	Physiological measures of media response, Media psychophysiology, Biometric media measurement, Medya Araştırmalarında Psikofizyolojik Ölçümler	ESM for media use, Ecological momentary assessment of media, Media experience sampling, Medya Araştırmalarında Deneyim Örnekleme
مرتبط	4	4
خلاصه	Psychophysiological measurement records the body's continuous responses — heart rate, skin conductance, facial muscle activity, and more — while people are exposed to media, providing real-time, covert indicators of attention and emotion. Reviewed for communication by Ravaja, these measures sidestep the biases of self-report and capture moment-to-moment processing as a message unfolds.	The experience-sampling method (ESM), also called ecological momentary assessment, prompts participants at sampled moments throughout daily life to report what they are doing, using, and feeling right now. Applied to media research, it captures media use and its momentary correlates — mood, context, motivation — in real time and in situ, minimizing recall bias and revealing how media and experience interrelate moment to moment.