مقایسهٔ روش‌ها

	نظریه داده‌بنیاد استراوسی مشارکتی	پژوهش کنشگر مشارکتی (PAR)
حوزه	کیفی	کیفی
خانواده	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
سال پیدایش	1990s	1940s (Lewin); PAR as distinct tradition formalised ~1970s–1980s
پدیدآور	Anselm Strauss & Juliet Corbin (Straussian GT); integrated with participatory research principles by practitioner-scholars in health and social sciences from the 1990s onward	Kurt Lewin (action research foundations, 1940s); systematised for participatory contexts by Orlando Fals Borda, Paulo Freire, and William Foote Whyte
نوع	Qualitative research design	Qualitative research method
منبع بنیادین	Strauss, A., & Corbin, J. (1990). Basics of Qualitative Research: Grounded Theory Procedures and Techniques. Sage. ISBN: 978-0803932500	Kemmis, S., McTaggart, R., & Nixon, R. (2014). The Action Research Planner: Doing Critical Participatory Action Research. Springer.
نام‌های دیگر	participatory GT (Straussian), community-engaged Straussian grounded theory, collaborative Straussian GT, participatory systematic grounded theory	PAR, community-based participatory research, collaborative action research, participatory inquiry
مرتبط	3	6
خلاصه	Participatory Straussian grounded theory combines Strauss and Corbin's systematic, structured version of grounded theory with participatory research principles that give community members an active role in data generation, coding, and theory development. The result is a rigorously structured yet co-constructed theory about a social process, grounded in both the analytic procedures of axial coding and the lived authority of participants.	Participatory Action Research (PAR) is a qualitative, community-centred methodology in which researchers and community members collaborate as co-investigators to identify a shared problem, take deliberate action, observe outcomes, and reflect critically on results — cycling iteratively until meaningful change is achieved. Unlike conventional research that studies people from the outside, PAR treats participants as active agents who co-own the research process, the knowledge produced, and the practical interventions that follow.