مقایسهٔ روش‌ها

	تاریخ شفاهی	تحلیل گفتمان
حوزه	کیفی	پژوهش کیفی
خانواده	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
سال پیدایش	1948 (modern disciplinary form); broader roots in 19th-century folklore and anthropology	1989 (Fairclough); 1987 (Potter & Wetherell)
پدیدآور	Allan Nevins (Columbia University Oral History Project, 1948); earlier roots in folk-life and anthropological fieldwork	Norman Fairclough; Jonathan Potter and Margaret Wetherell
نوع	Qualitative research method	Method
منبع بنیادین	Ritchie, D. A. (2003). Doing Oral History: A Practical Guide (2nd ed.). Oxford University Press. ISBN: 978-0195176957	Fairclough, N. (1989). Language and power. Longman.
نام‌های دیگر	life history interview, oral testimony, spoken history, oral narrative research	DA, Critical Discourse Analysis, Discursive Analysis
مرتبط	6	2
خلاصه	Oral history is a qualitative research method that collects, preserves, and interprets first-person spoken accounts of past events, experiences, and social processes. By recording in-depth interviews with individuals who witnessed or participated in historical events, oral historians document perspectives that written records often exclude. The method bridges historical scholarship and social science, treating the narrator's memory, subjectivity, and voice as primary evidence rather than as limitations to be corrected.	Discourse analysis is a qualitative research methodology that examines how language, communication, and power shape meaning, identity, and social reality. Developed across linguistics, sociology, and psychology (particularly by Norman Fairclough and Jonathan Potter), discourse analysis goes beyond content to analyze language use as a social practice that constitutes and reflects power relations, ideologies, and social structures.