مقایسهٔ روش‌ها

	پیمایش آنلاین	مصاحبه ساختاریافته
حوزه	روش‌شناسی پیمایش	روش‌شناسی پیمایش
خانواده	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
سال پیدایش	Mid-1990s (widespread scholarly adoption ~1995–2000)	1940s–1950s
پدیدآور	Mick P. Couper, Don A. Dillman (early systematic frameworks)	Survey research tradition; formalized by Campbell, Katona, and Kahn in mid-20th century
نوع	Quantitative / mixed-methods data collection technique	Quantitative / mixed data collection technique
منبع بنیادین	Couper, M. P. (2000). Web surveys: A review of issues and approaches. Public Opinion Quarterly, 64(4), 464–494.	Fontana, A., & Frey, J. H. (2000). The interview: From structured questions to negotiated text. In N. K. Denzin & Y. S. Lincoln (Eds.), Handbook of Qualitative Research (2nd ed., pp. 645–672). Sage.
نام‌های دیگر	web survey, internet survey, e-survey, computer-assisted web interviewing	standardized interview, formal interview, schedule-based interview, fixed-format interview
مرتبط	6	4
خلاصه	An online survey is a structured data collection instrument hosted on a web platform and completed by respondents via internet-connected devices. It enables large-scale, geographically dispersed data gathering at low cost and with rapid turnaround. Respondents self-administer the questionnaire at their convenience, which reduces interviewer bias and permits automatic data capture. Online surveys are the dominant mode of survey research in social, behavioural, health, and market research today.	A structured interview is a data collection technique in which every participant is asked exactly the same pre-specified questions in the same order, using standardized wording. Because the interview schedule is fixed, responses across participants are directly comparable, enabling quantitative aggregation and statistical analysis. It sits at the most standardized end of the interview continuum, between the self-administered questionnaire and the semi-structured interview.