مقایسهٔ روش‌ها

	مقیاس جهت‌گیری مقایسه اجتماعی آیووا-هلند	مقیاس ترس از دست دادن
حوزه	روان‌شناسی رسانه‌های اجتماعی	روان‌شناسی رسانه‌های اجتماعی
خانواده	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
سال پیدایش	1999	2013
پدیدآور	Frederick X. Gibbons and Bram P. Buunk	Andrew K. Przybylski et al.
نوع	Self-report	Self-report
منبع بنیادین	Gibbons, F. X., & Buunk, B. P. (1999). Individual differences in social comparison: Development of a scale of social comparison orientation. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 76(1), 129–142.	Przybylski, A. K., Murayama, K., DeHaan, C. R., & Gladwell, V. (2013). Motivational, emotional, and behavioral correlates of fear of missing out. Computers in Human Behavior, 29(4), 1841–1848.
نام‌های دیگر	INCOM, Gibbons-Buunk	FoMO
مرتبط	4	4
خلاصه	The Iowa-Netherlands Comparison Orientation Measure (INCOM) is an 11-item self-report scale that assesses individual differences in the tendency to engage in social comparison—comparing oneself to others on abilities, attributes, and outcomes. Developed by Gibbons and Buunk in 1999, it captures both upward comparison (to those perceived as superior) and downward comparison (to those perceived as inferior), providing a trait-like measure of this fundamental social motivation.	The FoMO Scale is a 10-item self-report instrument that measures the extent to which individuals experience anxiety or apprehension about missing out on social events, experiences, or information shared by others, particularly in social media contexts. Developed by Przybylski and colleagues in 2013, it quantifies this contemporary psychological phenomenon that has become increasingly relevant with the proliferation of digital communication platforms.