مقایسهٔ روش‌ها

	یادداشت‌های میدانی آنلاین	یادداشت‌های میدانی
حوزه	روش‌شناسی پیمایش	روش‌شناسی پیمایش
خانواده	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
سال پیدایش	1990s–2000s (digital extension of classical field notes practice)	Late 19th century (formalized in 20th century)
پدیدآور	Extended from ethnographic field note tradition (Emerson, Fretz & Shaw); digital adaptation via Kozinets and virtual ethnography scholars	Rooted in 19th-century anthropology and sociology; systematized by ethnographers such as Bronislaw Malinowski and later Robert Emerson et al.
نوع	Qualitative data collection technique	Qualitative data collection and recording technique
منبع بنیادین	Emerson, R. M., Fretz, R. I., & Shaw, L. L. (2011). Writing Ethnographic Fieldnotes (2nd ed.). University of Chicago Press. ISBN: 978-0226206837	Emerson, R. M., Fretz, R. I., & Shaw, L. L. (1995). Writing Ethnographic Fieldnotes. University of Chicago Press. ISBN: 978-0226206813
نام‌های دیگر	digital field notes, virtual field notes, e-field notes, netnographic field notes	fieldnotes, observational notes, ethnographic notes, jottings
مرتبط	5	6
خلاصه	Online field notes are structured, researcher-authored records of observations made within digital environments — social media platforms, online communities, virtual worlds, forums, and video-mediated spaces. Adapted from the classical ethnographic field note tradition, they capture not only what is observed but how the researcher interprets and situates those observations in real time, forming a primary data source for virtual ethnography and netnography.	Field notes are detailed written records created by researchers during or immediately after direct observation in a naturalistic setting. They capture what is seen, heard, and experienced — including behaviors, interactions, physical environments, and the researcher's own analytic impressions — forming the primary data source for ethnographic and observational studies.