مقایسهٔ روش‌ها

	Need for Closure Scale	مقیاس اقتدارگرایی راست‌گرا
حوزه	روان‌شناسی سیاسی	روان‌شناسی اجتماعی
خانواده	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
سال پیدایش	1994	1981
پدیدآور	Donna M. Webster & Arie W. Kruglanski	Bob Altemeyer
نوع	Self-report individual-difference scale	Self-report Likert scale
منبع بنیادین	Webster, D. M., & Kruglanski, A. W. (1994). Individual differences in need for cognitive closure. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 67(6), 1049-1062.	Altemeyer, B. (1981). Right-wing authoritarianism. University of Manitoba Press.
نام‌های دیگر	NFCS, Need for Cognitive Closure Scale, Webster-Kruglanski Scale	RWA
مرتبط	4	4
خلاصه	The Need for Cognitive Closure Scale, developed by Webster and Kruglanski (1994), measures a stable individual difference in the desire for a firm, definite answer to a question and an aversion to ambiguity and uncertainty. High need for closure is a key epistemic-motivation construct in political psychology, linked to conservatism, prejudice, intolerance of dissent, and resistance to belief change.	The Right-Wing Authoritarianism Scale (RWA) is a self-report measure developed by Bob Altemeyer in 1981 to assess individual differences in authoritarian attitudes, including submission to established authorities, adherence to conventional norms, and aggression toward those perceived to violate social conventions. The scale measures three core dimensions: authoritarian submission, authoritarian aggression, and conventionalism. It has become a cornerstone of research on authoritarianism, political attitudes, and intergroup prejudice.