مقایسهٔ روش‌ها

	پژوهش روایی	پژوهش مطالعه موردی	پژوهش پدیدارشناختی
حوزه	پژوهش کیفی	پژوهش کیفی	پژوهش کیفی
خانواده	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
سال پیدایش	2000	1984 (Yin); 1995 (Stake)	1900s (Husserl); 1920s (Heidegger)
پدیدآور	D. Jean Clandinin and F. Michael Connelly	Robert K. Yin; Robert E. Stake; Sharan Merriam	Edmund Husserl (descriptive) and Martin Heidegger (interpretive)
نوع	Method	Method	Method
منبع بنیادین	Clandinin, D. J., & Connelly, F. M. (2000). Narrative inquiry: Experience and story in qualitative research. Jossey-Bass.	Yin, R. K. (2014). Case study research: Design and methods (5th ed.). Sage Publications.	Husserl, E. (1931). Cartesian meditations: An introduction to phenomenology (D. Cairns, Trans.). Martinus Nijhoff.
نام‌های دیگر	Narrative Analysis, Narrative Research, Life Story Method	Case Study, Single Case Study, Multiple Case Study	Phenomenology, Descriptive Phenomenology, Interpretive Phenomenology
مرتبط	3	4	3
خلاصه	Narrative inquiry is a qualitative research methodology that treats stories and life narratives as primary data, analyzing how individuals construct meaning and identity through storytelling. Developed by D. Jean Clandinin and F. Michael Connelly (2000), narrative inquiry examines the narratives people tell about their lives, experiences, and transitions, understanding that people make sense of experience through narrative.	Case study research is an intensive, contextual investigation of a single case (or small number of cases) to explore a phenomenon in depth. Developed systematically by Robert K. Yin (1984) and Robert E. Stake (1995), case study research employs multiple data sources (interviews, observation, documents, artifacts) to produce a holistic understanding of a bounded phenomenon within its real-world context.	Phenomenological research is a qualitative methodology focused on understanding the lived experience of a phenomenon as it is experienced by individuals. Rooted in the philosophical traditions of Edmund Husserl (descriptive phenomenology) and Martin Heidegger (interpretive phenomenology), this approach seeks to uncover the essential structures and meanings of human experience.