مقایسهٔ روش‌ها

	ارزیابی چندمرکزی آزمون غربالگری	ارزیابی آزمون غربالگری
حوزه	اپیدمیولوژی	اپیدمیولوژی
خانواده	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
سال پیدایش	1976–2003 (core diagnostic accuracy framework; multicenter STARD standards formalized 2003)	1968 (Wilson-Jungner principles); statistical framework developed 1970s–2000s
پدیدآور	Methodological consensus (STARD group, Bossuyt et al.); broader diagnostic accuracy tradition rooted in Hanley & McNeil (1982) and Sackett & Haynes (1976)	Wilson & Jungner (WHO criteria, 1968); foundational work by Pepe, Altman, and others in statistical test evaluation
نوع	Observational diagnostic accuracy study	Observational diagnostic / epidemiological evaluation design
منبع بنیادین	Bossuyt, P. M., Reitsma, J. B., Bruns, D. E., Gatsonis, C. A., Glasziou, P. P., Irwig, L. M., Lijmer, J. G., Moher, D., Rennie, D., & de Vet, H. C. W. (2003). Towards complete and accurate reporting of studies of diagnostic accuracy: The STARD Initiative. Annals of Internal Medicine, 138(1), 40-44.	Wilson, J. M. G., & Jungner, G. (1968). Principles and Practice of Screening for Disease. World Health Organization. Public Health Papers No. 34.
نام‌های دیگر	multicenter diagnostic accuracy study, multisite screening evaluation, multicenter test performance study, multicenter DTA study	screening study, screening performance evaluation, screening accuracy assessment, STE
مرتبط	6	6
خلاصه	A multicenter screening test evaluation measures the diagnostic accuracy of a screening test — its sensitivity, specificity, predictive values, and ROC-curve area — by enrolling participants across two or more independent clinical sites. Conducting the study at multiple centers broadens the patient spectrum, tests generalizability across different laboratory conditions and patient populations, and produces more externally valid accuracy estimates than a single-center study.	Screening test evaluation is a systematic epidemiological approach for assessing whether a test or program can accurately and cost-effectively identify individuals with a condition before symptoms appear. It quantifies diagnostic performance metrics — sensitivity, specificity, predictive values, and the ROC curve — and evaluates whether a screening program meets established public health criteria for adoption and harm-benefit balance.