مقایسهٔ روش‌ها

	آزمایش بالینی تصادفی چندمرکزی	کارآزمایی بالینی تصادفی (RCT)
حوزه	اپیدمیولوژی	اپیدمیولوژی
خانواده	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
سال پیدایش	1970s–1980s (widespread adoption for large-scale efficacy trials)	1948 (first rigorously conducted RCT — MRC streptomycin trial)
پدیدآور	Evolved from single-center RCT methodology; consolidated through landmark trials such as the MRC streptomycin trial (1948) and large cardiovascular mega-trials of the 1970s–1980s	Austin Bradford Hill; MRC Streptomycin Trial team
نوع	Interventional experimental design	Interventional experimental study
منبع بنیادین	Friedman, L. M., Furberg, C. D., DeMets, D. L., Reboussin, D. M., & Granger, C. B. (2015). Fundamentals of Clinical Trials (5th ed.). Springer. ISBN: 978-3319185385	Friedman, L. M., Furberg, C. D., DeMets, D. L., Reboussin, D. M., & Granger, C. B. (2015). Fundamentals of Clinical Trials (5th ed.). Springer. ISBN: 978-3319185385
نام‌های دیگر	multi-site RCT, multicenter RCT, multinational randomized trial, multicenter controlled trial	RCT, randomized controlled trial, randomised controlled trial, clinical randomized trial
مرتبط	6	6
خلاصه	A multicenter randomized clinical trial (RCT) is an experimental study in which eligible participants are randomly assigned to intervention or control arms simultaneously across two or more clinical sites. By combining the rigor of randomization with enrollment from geographically or institutionally diverse centers, this design produces large samples and externally valid effect estimates that single-center trials rarely achieve. It is the regulatory gold standard for confirmatory efficacy and safety evaluation of new treatments.	A randomized clinical trial (RCT) is an experimental study design in which participants are randomly assigned to an intervention group or a control group, then followed prospectively to compare outcomes. Random allocation is the defining feature: it distributes known and unknown confounders across groups by chance, making the RCT the strongest individual study design for establishing causal efficacy of a treatment or intervention under controlled conditions.