مقایسهٔ روش‌ها

	مصاحبه نیمه‌ساختاریافته چندمنبعی	مصاحبه نیمه‌ساختاریافته
حوزه	روش‌شناسی پیمایش	کیفی
خانواده	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
سال پیدایش	1980s–2000s (multi-source data strategies in qualitative inquiry)	1946 (Merton & Kendall); codified as a standard method through the 1980s–1990s
پدیدآور	Established practice in qualitative and mixed-methods research; systematized by Patton (2002) and Bryman (2016)	Robert K. Merton and Patricia Kendall (focused interview, 1946); further systematised by Steinar Kvale
نوع	Qualitative data collection technique	Qualitative research method
منبع بنیادین	Bryman, A. (2016). Social Research Methods (5th ed.). Oxford University Press. ISBN: 978-0198745754	Kvale, S., & Brinkmann, S. (2009). InterViews: Learning the Craft of Qualitative Research Interviewing (2nd ed.). Sage. ISBN: 978-0761925422
نام‌های دیگر	multi-informant semi-structured interview, multi-perspective semi-structured interview, multi-source qualitative interview, triangulated semi-structured interview	guided interview, semi-standardized interview, focused interview, SSI
مرتبط	5	6
خلاصه	A multi-source semi-structured interview strategy collects qualitative data via guided, open-ended interviews from two or more distinct groups or perspectives relevant to the same phenomenon. By deliberately querying multiple vantage points — such as managers and employees, patients and clinicians, or teachers and students — the researcher can compare, contrast, and triangulate accounts, producing a richer and more balanced picture than any single-source approach allows.	The semi-structured interview is a qualitative data-collection method in which the researcher prepares a set of key questions or topic areas in advance but remains free to probe, follow up, and reorder as the conversation evolves. Unlike structured interviews — which fix every question and sequence — or unstructured interviews — which are entirely open — the semi-structured format balances comparability across participants with the flexibility needed to capture the depth and nuance of individual perspectives. It is the most widely used interview format in social science, health, and education research.