مقایسهٔ روش‌ها

	گروه کانونی چندمنبعی	روش دلفی
حوزه	روش‌شناسی پیمایش	کیفی
خانواده	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
سال پیدایش	1980s–1990s	1963
پدیدآور	Developed from focus group methodology; formalized in applied social research (Krueger, Morgan, and colleagues)	Norman Dalkey & Olaf Helmer (RAND Corporation)
نوع	Qualitative data collection technique	Structured iterative expert-elicitation process
منبع بنیادین	Krueger, R. A., & Casey, M. A. (2015). Focus Groups: A Practical Guide for Applied Research (5th ed.). Sage. ISBN: 978-1483365244	Dalkey, N. & Helmer, O. (1963). An Experimental Application of the Delphi Method to the Use of Experts. Management Science, 9(3), 458-467.
نام‌های دیگر	multi-stakeholder focus group, multiple-source focus group, cross-source focus group, MSFG	Delphi Yöntemi, Delphi technique, expert consensus method
مرتبط	4	5
خلاصه	The multi-source focus group method extends the standard focus group design by deliberately recruiting participants from two or more distinct stakeholder groups — for example, clinicians and patients, teachers and students, or managers and frontline staff. Separate sessions are held for each source group using a shared discussion protocol, and the resulting data are analyzed both within each group and across groups to reveal convergences, tensions, and perspectives that no single-source design could uncover.	The Delphi method is a structured, iterative survey technique developed by Norman Dalkey and Olaf Helmer at the RAND Corporation in 1963 for eliciting and converging expert opinion on complex topics where empirical data are unavailable or insufficient. It collects independent judgements from a geographically dispersed expert panel over multiple anonymous rounds, feeding aggregated results back to participants after each round so they can revise their views in light of the group's collective position.