مقایسهٔ روش‌ها

	Multi-Sited Ethnography	پژوهش قوم‌نگارانه
حوزه	Anthropology	پژوهش کیفی
خانواده	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
سال پیدایش	1995	1920s–1970s
پدیدآور	George E. Marcus	Anthropology (Malinowski, Boas); applied in health and sociology (Geertz)
نوع	Fieldwork design tracing connections across multiple field sites	Method
منبع بنیادین	Marcus, G. E. (1995). Ethnography in/of the world system: the emergence of multi-sited ethnography. Annual Review of Anthropology, 24, 95–117.	Geertz, C. (1973). The interpretation of cultures: Selected essays. Basic Books.
نام‌های دیگر	Multisited Ethnography, Multi-Locale Ethnography, Mobile Ethnography, Follow-the-Thing Ethnography	Ethnography, Participatory Observation, Field Research
مرتبط	4	4
خلاصه	Multi-sited ethnography is a fieldwork design, articulated by George Marcus in 1995, in which the ethnographer studies a single cultural phenomenon by moving across the multiple, geographically dispersed sites through which it circulates rather than dwelling in one bounded village or community. Instead of asking 'what is the culture of this place?', the researcher asks 'how is this object, person, or idea connected across places?' and follows it wherever it goes. The result is an account of globalized, networked, or transnational phenomena that no single locality could reveal on its own.	Ethnographic research is an immersive qualitative methodology in which researchers spend prolonged time in a community, organization, or social setting, combining participant observation, interviews, and document analysis to develop a rich, contextual understanding of a group's beliefs, practices, and social structures. Grounded in anthropology and refined for health, organizational, and social research, ethnography produces 'thick description' (Geertz 1973) that reveals the meaning and context underlying observable behavior.