مقایسهٔ روش‌ها

	نمونه‌برداری تجربی سیار	پیمایش
حوزه	روش‌شناسی پیمایش	روش‌شناسی پیمایش
خانواده	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
سال پیدایش	1983	Late 19th century; systematic social-science use from 1940s
پدیدآور	Mihaly Csikszentmihalyi & Reed Larson	Francis Galton, Charles Booth, and early social statisticians; formalised by Paul Lazarsfeld in the 1940s
نوع	Intensive longitudinal data collection technique	Quantitative (primarily) or mixed-methods data-collection instrument
منبع بنیادین	Csikszentmihalyi, M., & Larson, R. (1987). Validity and reliability of the Experience-Sampling Method. Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease, 175(9), 526–536.	Dillman, D. A., Smyth, J. D., & Christian, L. M. (2014). Internet, Phone, Mail, and Mixed-Mode Surveys: The Tailored Design Method (4th ed.). Wiley. ISBN: 978-1118456149
نام‌های دیگر	ESM, Experience Sampling Method, Ecological Momentary Assessment, EMA	questionnaire survey, survey research, self-report survey, questionnaire study
مرتبط	5	6
خلاصه	Mobile Experience Sampling (ESM) is an intensive longitudinal data-collection technique in which participants respond to brief, repeated questionnaires delivered to their smartphones at random or scheduled intervals throughout the day. By capturing thoughts, feelings, behaviors, and context at or near the moment they occur, ESM minimises retrospective recall bias and provides a high-resolution picture of psychological and behavioral fluctuations in everyday life.	A survey is a systematic data-collection method in which a standardised set of questions is posed to a sample of respondents to measure attitudes, behaviours, demographics, or other constructs. Surveys can be administered via paper, telephone, online platforms, or face-to-face. They are among the most widely used instruments in social, behavioural, health, and educational research because they can reach large, geographically dispersed samples at relatively low cost.