مقایسهٔ روش‌ها

	Memory-Work Method	Feminist Participatory Action Research
حوزه	Gender Studies	Gender Studies
خانواده	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
سال پیدایش	1987	1987
پدیدآور	Frigga Haug	Patricia Maguire; Colleen Reid and Wendy Frisby
نوع	Collective feminist qualitative method	Participatory, emancipatory feminist research methodology
منبع بنیادین	Haug, F. (Ed.) (1987). Female Sexualization: A Collective Work of Memory (E. Carter, Trans.). Verso, London. ISBN: 9780860918173	Reid, C., & Frisby, W. (2008). Continuing the journey: Articulating dimensions of feminist participatory action research (FPAR). In P. Reason & H. Bradbury (Eds.), The SAGE Handbook of Action Research (2nd ed., pp. 93–105). SAGE, London. ISBN: 9781412920308
نام‌های دیگر	Memory Work, Collective Memory-Work, Frigga Haug Memory Work	FPAR, Feminist PAR
مرتبط	4	4
خلاصه	Memory-work is a collective feminist research method, devised by Frigga Haug and her colleagues in the 1980s, in which a group of co-researchers each writes down concrete memories about a shared theme and then analyzes those memories together to uncover how gendered subjectivities are socially constructed. By treating their own remembered experiences as data, participants dissolve the boundary between researcher and researched and expose the everyday processes through which people actively make themselves into the gendered subjects society expects them to become.	Feminist Participatory Action Research (FPAR) fuses the participatory action research tradition — in which communities investigate their own conditions through cycles of action and reflection — with feminist commitments to analyzing gender power, foregrounding marginalized women's knowledge, practicing reflexivity, and producing concrete social change. Pioneered by Patricia Maguire in 1987 and later systematized by Colleen Reid and Wendy Frisby, it dissolves the usual divide between researcher and researched, positioning community members as co-researchers who shape the questions, the process, and the outcomes.