مقایسهٔ روش‌ها

	Media Framing Analysis	Film Narrative Analysis
حوزه	مطالعات رسانه	مطالعات رسانه
خانواده	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
سال پیدایش	1974	1980
پدیدآور	Erving Goffman, Robert Entman	Gérard Genette, Mieke Bal
نوع	Analytical method for identifying how media structures and presents information	Analytical pipeline for deconstructing cinematic narrative structure
منبع بنیادین	Goffman, E. (1974). Frame Analysis: An Essay on the Organization of Experience. Harvard University Press.	Bal, M. (1997). Narratology: Introduction to the Theory of Narrative. University of Toronto Press.
نام‌های دیگر	frame analysis, news framing, discourse framing	narrative structure analysis, story analysis in cinema
مرتبط	5	5
خلاصه	Media Framing Analysis is a systematic method for examining how news coverage and media messages organize and present information in ways that promote particular interpretations while obscuring others. Originating in Erving Goffman's sociological work (1974) and developed extensively by communication scholars like Robert Entman, the method decodes the frames—organizing principles and narrative structures—embedded in news reports, films, advertising, and public discourse. It reveals how media selections of what to emphasize, what to omit, and what narrative context to provide shape audience understanding of events and issues.	Film Narrative Analysis is a qualitative method for examining how stories are told through cinematic techniques and structures. Developed from literary narratology and adapted for film studies by scholars like David Bordwell and Mieke Bal, it deconstructs the relationship between story (fabula), plot (sjuzhet), and narration to understand how meaning is created. This method is fundamental to film criticism and provides a systematic framework for analyzing how viewers construct narrative coherence from visual and audio elements.