مقایسهٔ روش‌ها

	Lubben Social Network Scale	مقیاس تنهایی UCLA
حوزه	Social Gerontology	روان‌شناسی اجتماعی
خانواده	Latent structure	Process / pipeline
سال پیدایش	1988	1978
پدیدآور	James E. Lubben	Daniel Russell
نوع	Self-report scale of social network size and engagement in older adults	Subjective loneliness assessment scale
منبع بنیادین	Lubben, J. E. (1988). Assessing social networks among elderly populations. Family & Community Health, 11(3), 42-52.	Russell, D. W. (1996). UCLA Loneliness Scale (Version 3): Reliability, validity, and factor structure. Journal of Personality Assessment, 66(1), 20–40.
نام‌های دیگر	LSNS, LSNS-6, Lubben Scale, Social Network Scale for Older Adults	UCLA LS, UCLA Loneliness Scale, Russell Loneliness Scale
مرتبط	3	3
خلاصه	The Lubben Social Network Scale (LSNS) is a brief self-report instrument that gauges an older adult's level of social engagement by measuring the size of, and contact with, their family and friendship networks. Developed by James Lubben in 1988, it was designed to overcome the lack of a short, gerontology-specific tool for detecting social isolation, a condition tied to morbidity and mortality in later life. The original ten-item scale equally weights items covering network size, frequency of contact, and the presence of confiding relationships, summing them into a single index. A widely used six-item revision, the LSNS-6, retains three family and three friend items and supplies an empirically derived cutoff (a score below twelve) that flags people at risk of isolation. Because it relies only on self-reported counts rather than performance tests or clinical observation, the scale is feasible in surveys, primary care, and community screening. It has been translated into many languages and validated across diverse older populations, making it one of the most widely adopted social-isolation screens in gerontology.	The UCLA Loneliness Scale is a widely used instrument for measuring subjective feelings of loneliness and social isolation. Developed by Daniel Russell in the late 1970s, the scale measures the discrepancy between desired and actual social relationships. The UCLA LS has become the gold standard in loneliness research and is used across clinical, epidemiological, and social psychology studies worldwide.