مقایسهٔ روش‌ها

	شاخص کاتز برای استقلال در فعالیت‌های روزمره زندگی (ADL)	ابزار غربالگری سوءتغذیه (MST)
حوزه	پرستاری	پرستاری
خانواده	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
سال پیدایش	1963	1999
پدیدآور	Sidney Katz	Michelle Ferguson
نوع	Clinician-rated or observational functional assessment	Patient self-report screening tool
منبع بنیادین	Katz, S., Ford, A. B., Moskowitz, R. W., Jackson, B. A., & Jaffe, M. W. (1963). Studies of Illness in the Aged: The Index of ADL, a standardized measure of biological and psychosocial function. JAMA, 185(12), 914-919.	Ferguson, M., Capra, S., Bauer, J., & Banks, M. (1999). Development of a valid and reliable malnutrition screening tool for adult acute hospital patients. Nutrition, 15(6), 458-464.
نام‌های دیگر	Katz Index, Katz ADL Scale, Index of ADL	MST, Malnutrition Screening, Nutritional Risk Screen
مرتبط	3	3
خلاصه	The Katz Index of Independence in Activities of Daily Living, developed by Sidney Katz and colleagues in 1963, is one of the earliest and most widely used tools for assessing functional status in older adults and persons with chronic illness. The scale evaluates six essential self-care activities (bathing, dressing, toileting, transfer, continence, feeding) through direct observation or interview and assigns an overall grade (A through G) reflecting the degree of independence. It remains a foundational instrument in geriatric assessment, rehabilitation medicine, and long-term care settings.	The Malnutrition Screening Tool (MST), developed by Michelle Ferguson and colleagues in 1999, is a brief, validated screening instrument designed to identify hospitalized patients at risk for malnutrition. The tool consists of two simple questions about recent unintentional weight loss and reduced food intake, yielding a quick numerical score. Since its publication, the MST has become widely adopted in acute hospitals, residential aged care facilities, and community settings as a rapid, reliable first-line screen for nutritional risk.