مقایسهٔ روش‌ها

	Healthy Life Expectancy Decomposition	Healthy Life Expectancy
حوزه	Social Epidemiology	جمعیت‌شناسی
خانواده	Process / pipeline	Survival analysis
سال پیدایش	2004	1971
پدیدآور	Wilma J. Nusselder & Caspar W. N. Looman; Daniel F. Sullivan	Daniel F. Sullivan (Sullivan method); developed by the WHO/REVES tradition
نوع	Demographic decomposition pipeline for a health-expectancy difference	Health-expectancy estimator partitioning life expectancy into healthy and unhealthy years
منبع بنیادین	Nusselder, W. J., & Looman, C. W. N. (2004). Decomposition of differences in health expectancy by cause. Demography, 41(2), 315-334.	Sullivan, D. F. (1971). A single index of mortality and morbidity. HSMHA Health Reports, 86(4), 347–354.
نام‌های دیگر	Health Expectancy Decomposition, Nusselder-Looman Decomposition, Decomposition of Disability-Free Life Expectancy, Mortality and Disability Decomposition of Health Expectancy	HALE, Health-Adjusted Life Expectancy, Disability-Free Life Expectancy
مرتبط	4	4
خلاصه	Healthy (or disability-free) life expectancy combines how long people live with how much of that life is spent in good health, and differences in it between groups or over time reflect two distinct forces: changes in mortality and changes in the prevalence of disability. Healthy-life-expectancy decomposition separates these forces. Building on the Sullivan method — which weights life-table person-years by the age-specific share of life lived without disability — Wilma Nusselder and Caspar Looman's 2004 method splits the gap in health expectancy between two populations into an additive mortality component and a disability component for each age, and can further attribute each to specific causes. This resolves the central interpretive ambiguity of health expectancy: a population can have higher healthy life expectancy because its people die later, because they are less disabled at each age, or both, and only a decomposition can tell which.	Healthy life expectancy partitions ordinary life expectancy into the years a person can expect to live in good health and the years expected to be lived with disability or ill health. Building on the life table, the classic Sullivan method weights each age interval's person-years by the prevalence of good health, so the resulting expectancy answers not just 'how long will people live?' but 'how many of those years will be healthy?'. It has become a headline summary of population health, reported by the World Health Organization as HALE and tracked alongside life expectancy to judge whether longer lives are also healthier lives.