مقایسهٔ روش‌ها

	Gross Reproduction Rate	Total Fertility Rate
حوزه	جمعیت‌شناسی	جمعیت‌شناسی
خانواده	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
سال پیدایش	1928	2001
پدیدآور	Richard Böckh (concept) and Robert R. Kuczynski (popularization)	Classical demographic index (formalized by Preston, Heuveline & Guillot)
نوع	Single-sex summary fertility measure counting daughters per woman	Period summary fertility index synthesizing age-specific fertility rates
منبع بنیادین	Preston, S. H., Heuveline, P., & Guillot, M. (2001). Demography: Measuring and Modeling Population Processes. Blackwell. ISBN: 9781557864512	Preston, S. H., Heuveline, P., & Guillot, M. (2001). Demography: Measuring and Modeling Population Processes. Blackwell. ISBN: 9781557864512
نام‌های دیگر	GRR, Gross reproductive rate, Daughters per woman (without mortality), Brüt Üreme Hızı	TFR, Period total fertility rate, Sum of age-specific fertility rates, Toplam Doğurganlık Hızı
مرتبط	4	4
خلاصه	The gross reproduction rate is the average number of daughters a woman would bear over her lifetime if she experienced a given set of age-specific fertility rates and survived through all her childbearing years. It is a single-sex reproduction measure: by counting only daughters, it tracks how a generation of women replaces itself, ignoring the mortality that would thin the next generation. As such it sits between the total fertility rate, which counts all children, and the net reproduction rate, which discounts daughters for the chance of dying before they themselves reproduce.	The total fertility rate (TFR) is the central period measure of fertility in demography: the average number of children a woman would bear over her lifetime if she experienced, at each age, the age-specific fertility rates observed in a given year. Computed by summing age-specific fertility rates across the reproductive ages, the TFR removes the influence of population age structure and gives a single, intuitive figure — children per woman — that is comparable across populations and over time.