مقایسهٔ روش‌ها

	کروماتوگرافی تراوشی ژل/کروماتوگرافی حذف اندازه	تحلیل دینامیکی مکانیکی
حوزه	زیست‌مواد	زیست‌مواد
خانواده	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
سال پیدایش	1962	1960
پدیدآور	Moore and Debye	Ferry and Schwarzl
نوع	Chromatographic analysis	Rheological characterization
منبع بنیادین	Striegel, A. M., Yau, W. W., Kirkland, J. J., & Bly, D. D. (2009). Modern size-exclusion liquid chromatography: practice and theory. John Wiley & Sons.	Menard, K. P. (2008). Dynamic mechanical analysis: a practical introduction (2nd ed.). CRC Press.
نام‌های دیگر	size exclusion chromatography, molecular weight determination, polymer characterization	DMA, rheological analysis, viscoelastic testing
مرتبط	3	3
خلاصه	Gel permeation chromatography (GPC), also known as size exclusion chromatography (SEC), is an analytical technique for determining the molecular weight distribution (MWD) and average molecular weight (Mw, Mn) of polymers. The method separates polymer molecules by their hydrodynamic size as they pass through a porous chromatography column: larger molecules elute first (excluded from pores), while smaller molecules are retained longer. Developed by Moore and colleagues in the 1960s, GPC/SEC is now the standard method for characterizing polymer chains, assessing polymer degradation over time, and verifying batch consistency in biomaterial production.	Dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA) measures the viscoelastic properties of materials—their elastic stiffness and viscous damping—by applying a sinusoidal stress or strain and measuring the phase lag and amplitude of the material's response. Developed from rheology principles in the 1960s and formalized by Ferry, Schwarzl, and others, DMA provides quantitative measures of how polymeric biomaterials respond to time-dependent and frequency-dependent mechanical stimuli. Key outputs include the storage modulus (elastic component), loss modulus (viscous component), and loss tangent (tan δ), which together characterize the material's mechanical behavior across temperature and frequency ranges.