مقایسهٔ روش‌ها

	15-Minute City Analysis	Accessibility Equity Analysis
حوزه	Urban Studies	Urban Studies
خانواده	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
سال پیدایش	2021	2004
پدیدآور	Carlos Moreno	Karst Geurs & Bert van Wee (accessibility evaluation framework)
نوع	Descriptive proximity assessment of daily needs by active travel	Distributional analysis of accessibility across population groups
منبع بنیادین	Moreno, C., Allam, Z., Chabaud, D., Gall, C., & Pratlong, F. (2021). Introducing the "15-Minute City": Sustainability, resilience and place identity in future post-pandemic cities. Smart Cities, 4(1), 93–111.	Geurs, K. T., & van Wee, B. (2004). Accessibility evaluation of land-use and transport strategies: review and research directions. Journal of Transport Geography, 12(2), 127–140.
نام‌های دیگر	Fifteen-Minute City Analysis, Chrono-Urbanism Analysis, Proximity Index Analysis, Quarter-Hour City Assessment	Distributional Accessibility Analysis, Transport Equity Analysis, Access Equity Assessment, Accessibility Gini Analysis
مرتبط	4	4
خلاصه	15-minute city analysis assesses how many of life's daily needs — shops, schools, healthcare, work, recreation — residents can reach within a short walk or bike ride, typically fifteen minutes, from their homes. Articulated by Carlos Moreno in 2021 under the banner of chrono-urbanism, the concept reorients planning around proximity and time rather than mobility and distance. The analysis operationalizes it by computing walk or cycle isochrones around residential locations and scoring how completely the essential categories of urban functions fall within reach, producing proximity indices that can be mapped, compared across neighbourhoods, and weighted by population.	Accessibility equity analysis asks not just how much access to opportunities a place has, but how that access is distributed across people and social groups — who can reach jobs, healthcare, and education, and who is left behind. It pairs an accessibility measure, in the tradition formalized by Karst Geurs and Bert van Wee, with the distributional tools of inequality measurement: Lorenz curves, Gini and Palma indices, and comparisons between advantaged and disadvantaged groups. The result reframes accessibility as a question of fairness, revealing whether a transport or land-use arrangement concentrates reachable opportunity among the already privileged or spreads it equitably.