مقایسهٔ روش‌ها

	قوم‌نگاری نهادی مبتنی بر میدان	قوم‌نگاری نهادی مشارکتی
حوزه	کیفی	کیفی
خانواده	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
سال پیدایش	1987 (IE foundations); field-based variant prominent from 1990s onward	1990s–2000s
پدیدآور	Dorothy E. Smith	Dorothy E. Smith (IE); participatory variant developed by Janet Rankin, Marie Campbell, and others in health and social sciences
نوع	Qualitative research design	Qualitative research design
منبع بنیادین	Smith, D. E. (2005). Institutional Ethnography: A Sociology for People. AltaMira Press. ISBN: 978-0759105713	Smith, D. E. (2005). Institutional Ethnography: A Sociology for People. AltaMira Press. ISBN: 978-0759105010
نام‌های دیگر	field IE, field-based IE, institutional ethnography fieldwork, on-site institutional ethnography	participatory IE, community-based institutional ethnography, collaborative institutional ethnography
مرتبط	6	6
خلاصه	Field-based institutional ethnography (field IE) is a qualitative approach that combines Dorothy Smith's institutional ethnography with sustained, immersive on-site fieldwork. Researchers enter real institutional settings — hospitals, schools, social service offices, prisons — to observe how everyday work practices are coordinated and governed by texts, policies, and ruling relations operating beyond the local site.	Participatory Institutional Ethnography (PIE) combines Dorothy Smith's institutional ethnography with participatory research principles, positioning community members or service users as co-researchers who investigate how institutional relations, ruling texts, and organizational practices shape and often constrain their everyday lives. The approach aims both to produce knowledge about institutional coordination and to generate actionable change through collaborative inquiry.