مقایسهٔ روش‌ها

	تحلیل محتوای میدانی	تحلیل محتوا	تحلیل گفتمان
حوزه	کیفی	کیفی	پژوهش کیفی
خانواده	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
سال پیدایش	1987	Systematised through Krippendorff's methodology work; 4th edition 2018	1989 (Fairclough); 1987 (Potter & Wetherell)
پدیدآور	David L. Altheide	Klaus Krippendorff (systematic formulation); roots in early 20th-century communications research	Norman Fairclough; Jonathan Potter and Margaret Wetherell
نوع	Qualitative analytic approach	Qualitative / mixed-method research technique	Method
منبع بنیادین	Altheide, D. L. (1987). Ethnographic content analysis. Qualitative Sociology, 10(1), 65–77.	Krippendorff, K. (2018). Content Analysis: An Introduction to Its Methodology (4th ed.). Sage. ISBN: 978-1506395661	Fairclough, N. (1989). Language and power. Longman.
نام‌های دیگر	field content analysis, naturalistic content analysis, ethnographic content analysis, ECA	İçerik Analizi, systematic content coding, quantitative content analysis	DA, Critical Discourse Analysis, Discursive Analysis
مرتبط	6	5	2
خلاصه	Field-based content analysis is a qualitative analytic approach that systematically examines documents, artifacts, and texts encountered or produced within a natural field setting. Originally formulated by David Altheide as ethnographic content analysis (ECA), it blends the systematic rigor of traditional content analysis with the reflexive, iterative logic of ethnographic inquiry, allowing the researcher to interact continuously with the data and revise analytic categories as new meaning emerges from the field.	Content analysis is a systematic research technique for reducing text, visual, or media material into coded categories so that patterns can be counted, compared, and interpreted. Formalised by Klaus Krippendorff in his widely cited methodology textbook (latest edition 2018), the method sits at the boundary of qualitative and quantitative inquiry: it imposes structured, replicable coding on inherently meaning-laden material.	Discourse analysis is a qualitative research methodology that examines how language, communication, and power shape meaning, identity, and social reality. Developed across linguistics, sociology, and psychology (particularly by Norman Fairclough and Jonathan Potter), discourse analysis goes beyond content to analyze language use as a social practice that constitutes and reflects power relations, ideologies, and social structures.