مقایسهٔ روش‌ها

	روش‌شناسی پژوهش فمینیستی	پژوهش عملیاتی	تحلیل گفتمان
حوزه	کیفی	پژوهش کیفی	پژوهش کیفی
خانواده	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
سال پیدایش	1970s–1980s (formalized as a methodology)	1946	1989 (Fairclough); 1987 (Potter & Wetherell)
پدیدآور	Sandra Harding, Dorothy Smith, Patricia Hill Collins, and the broader feminist social science movement	Kurt Lewin; expanded by Kemmis, McTaggart, Reason & Bradbury	Norman Fairclough; Jonathan Potter and Margaret Wetherell
نوع	Qualitative research method	Method	Method
منبع بنیادین	Harding, S. (Ed.). (1987). Feminism and Methodology: Social Science Issues. Indiana University Press.	Lewin, K. (1946). Action research and minority problems. Journal of Social Issues, 2(4), 34–46.	Fairclough, N. (1989). Language and power. Longman.
نام‌های دیگر	feminist inquiry, feminist qualitative research, feminist standpoint research, gender-critical research	Participatory Action Research, PAR, Collaborative Inquiry	DA, Critical Discourse Analysis, Discursive Analysis
مرتبط	6	1	2
خلاصه	Feminist research methodology is a qualitative approach grounded in feminist theory that centres gender, power, and social justice as core analytical lenses. It challenges claims of value-free objectivity, foregrounds the voices and experiences of marginalized groups — particularly women — and explicitly positions the researcher as a political and social actor. Developed across disciplines including sociology, education, and health sciences, it draws on standpoint theory, intersectionality, and participatory ethics to produce knowledge that can inform emancipatory practice.	Action research is a collaborative research methodology in which researchers work with practitioners and community members to investigate a problem, implement change, and evaluate outcomes, cycling through reflection, action, and learning. Developed by Kurt Lewin (1946), action research bridges research and practice, aiming simultaneously to produce knowledge and practical improvement.	Discourse analysis is a qualitative research methodology that examines how language, communication, and power shape meaning, identity, and social reality. Developed across linguistics, sociology, and psychology (particularly by Norman Fairclough and Jonathan Potter), discourse analysis goes beyond content to analyze language use as a social practice that constitutes and reflects power relations, ideologies, and social structures.