مقایسهٔ روشها
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| تحلیل حالات شکست و اثرات آن (FMEA)× | سیکس سیگما DMAIC× | |
|---|---|---|
| حوزه≠ | طراحی آزمایش | مدیریت کیفیت |
| خانواده | Process / pipeline | Process / pipeline |
| سال پیدایش≠ | 1949 (military); widespread industrial adoption 1970s–1980s | 2014 |
| پدیدآور≠ | U.S. Military / NASA (formalized by MIL-P-1629, 1949) | Motorola; Pyzdek & Keller |
| نوع≠ | Proactive risk analysis technique | Structured process improvement methodology |
| منبع بنیادین≠ | Stamatis, D. H. (2003). Failure Mode and Effect Analysis: FMEA from Theory to Execution (2nd ed.). ASQ Quality Press. ISBN: 978-0873895989 | Pyzdek, T., & Keller, P. (2014). The Six Sigma Handbook (4th ed.). McGraw-Hill. ISBN: 978-0-07-184053-9 |
| نامهای دیگر | FMEA, Failure Modes and Effects Analysis, FMECA, Failure Mode Effects and Criticality Analysis | DMAIC Framework, Six Sigma Process Improvement Cycle, Define-Measure-Analyze-Improve-Control, Altı Sigma DMAIC |
| مرتبط≠ | 6 | 3 |
| خلاصه≠ | Failure Mode and Effects Analysis (FMEA) is a structured, proactive risk management technique used to identify potential failure modes in a system, process, or product design, evaluate their consequences, and prioritize corrective actions before failures occur. Originally developed for the U.S. military in 1949 and later adopted by NASA, automotive, and manufacturing industries, FMEA is now a cornerstone quality-engineering tool embedded in standards such as AIAG-VDA and ISO 9001-aligned processes. | Six Sigma DMAIC is a data-driven, five-phase process improvement methodology — Define, Measure, Analyze, Improve, and Control — used to reduce defects and process variation to fewer than 3.4 defects per million opportunities. Originating at Motorola in the 1980s and systematized by practitioners including Pyzdek and Keller, it is widely adopted in manufacturing, healthcare, finance, and service industries seeking sustained quality gains. |
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