مقایسهٔ روش‌ها

	آزمایش میدانی فاکتوریل	آزمایش میدانی
حوزه	طراحی آزمایش	طراحی آزمایش
خانواده	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
سال پیدایش	1920s–1935 (Fisher's foundational work); widely applied through 20th century	1920s–1930s (agriculture); 1990s–2000s (social sciences)
پدیدآور	Ronald A. Fisher (factorial principle); extended to field settings in agricultural and social sciences	Formalized by R. A. Fisher (1935); systematized in social sciences by Harrison & List (2004)
نوع	Experimental design	Experimental design
منبع بنیادین	Fisher, R. A. (1935). The Design of Experiments. Oliver and Boyd.	Harrison, G. W., & List, J. A. (2004). Field experiments. Journal of Economic Literature, 42(4), 1009–1055.
نام‌های دیگر	factorial design in the field, field factorial design, multi-factor field trial, factorial field trial	field trial, natural field experiment, randomized field experiment, field RCT
مرتبط	5	5
خلاصه	A factorial field experiment applies factorial experimental design — simultaneously manipulating two or more independent factors across all combinations of their levels — in a real-world field setting rather than a controlled laboratory. It allows researchers to estimate both main effects and interaction effects of multiple factors on an outcome under ecologically valid conditions, making findings directly relevant to practice.	A field experiment applies the logic of a randomized controlled trial in a naturally occurring, real-world environment rather than an artificial laboratory. Participants are randomly assigned to treatment and control conditions while going about everyday activities, allowing researchers to estimate causal effects with high internal validity while preserving a level of ecological realism that laboratory settings cannot offer. The design is especially prominent in economics, public health, political science, and development research.