مقایسهٔ روش‌ها

	Experience Sampling in Media Research	Uses and Gratifications Survey
حوزه	Communication	Communication
خانواده	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
سال پیدایش	1987	1973
پدیدآور	Mihaly Csikszentmihalyi & Reed Larson	Elihu Katz, Jay Blumler & Michael Gurevitch
نوع	Momentary self-report of media use and experience in real time	Audience-centered survey approach to media motivations and rewards
منبع بنیادین	Csikszentmihalyi, M., & Larson, R. (1987). Validity and reliability of the experience-sampling method. The Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease, 175(9), 526–536.	Katz, E., Blumler, J. G., & Gurevitch, M. (1973). Uses and gratifications research. Public Opinion Quarterly, 37(4), 509–523.
نام‌های دیگر	ESM for media use, Ecological momentary assessment of media, Media experience sampling, Medya Araştırmalarında Deneyim Örnekleme	U&G survey, Gratifications sought and obtained survey, Media gratifications measurement, Kullanımlar ve Doyumlar Anketi
مرتبط	4	4
خلاصه	The experience-sampling method (ESM), also called ecological momentary assessment, prompts participants at sampled moments throughout daily life to report what they are doing, using, and feeling right now. Applied to media research, it captures media use and its momentary correlates — mood, context, motivation — in real time and in situ, minimizing recall bias and revealing how media and experience interrelate moment to moment.	The uses and gratifications survey is the dominant audience-centered method in communication research, asking not what media do to people but what people do with media. Codified by Katz, Blumler, and Gurevitch in 1973, it treats audiences as active agents who select media to satisfy social and psychological needs, and it measures those motives and the rewards obtained through structured self-report scales.