مقایسهٔ روش‌ها

	آزمایش ایمونوسوربنت پیوسته با آنزیم (ELISA)	تحلیل فلوسایتومتری	رادیوایمونواسی (RIA)
حوزه	علوم دامپزشکی	داروشناسی	علوم دامپزشکی
خانواده	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
سال پیدایش	1971	1976	1959–1960
پدیدآور	Eva Engvall and Peter Perlmann; independent parallel development by Anton Schuurs and Bauke van Weemen	Leonard Herzenberg	Rosalyn Yalow and Solomon Berson
نوع	Quantitative immunoassay	cell analysis and sorting	Quantitative immunological assay
منبع بنیادین	Engvall, E., & Perlmann, P. (1971). Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) quantitative assay of immunoglobulin G. Immunochemistry, 8(9), 871–874.	Herzenberg, L. A., Parks, D., Sahaf, B., Perez, O., Roederer, M., & Herzenberg, L. A. (2002). The history and future of the fluorescence-activated cell sorter and flow cytometry: a view from Stanford. Clinical Chemistry, 48(10), 1819-1827.	Yalow, R. S., & Berson, S. A. (1960). Immunoassay of endogenous plasma insulin in man. Journal of Clinical Investigation, 39(7), 1157–1175.
نام‌های دیگر	enzyme immunoassay, EIA, solid-phase enzyme immunoassay, ELISA test	FACS, fluorescence-activated cell sorting, cell analysis	RIA, radioisotope immunoassay, isotope immunoassay, radioligand assay
مرتبط	2	3	1
خلاصه	ELISA is a plate-based immunoassay technique that detects and quantifies proteins, antibodies, antigens, hormones, and other analytes in biological samples. Widely used in veterinary science, medicine, and food safety, it exploits the specificity of antibody–antigen binding coupled to an enzyme-driven colorimetric signal to deliver sensitive, reproducible measurements across large sample batches.	Flow cytometry is a laser-based technology for analyzing and sorting individual cells based on fluorescent markers. Developed by Leonard Herzenberg in the 1970s, flow cytometry enables rapid assessment of cell phenotype, drug effects on cell populations, and therapeutic cell characterization in immunology and hematology.	Radioimmunoassay (RIA) is a highly sensitive, quantitative laboratory technique that measures the concentration of a specific antigen — such as a hormone, drug, or pathogen-derived protein — in a biological sample by exploiting competitive binding between a radiolabelled antigen and the sample antigen for a limited supply of specific antibody. Developed in the late 1950s, RIA is widely used in veterinary science, endocrinology, pharmacology, and clinical diagnostics.