مقایسهٔ روش‌ها

	شاخص دینداری دانشگاه دوک (DUREL)	مقیاس کوتاه شده راهبردهای مقابله‌ای مذهبی RCOPE (Brief RCOPE)
حوزه	روان‌شناسی دین	روان‌شناسی دین
خانواده	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
سال پیدایش	2010	1998
پدیدآور	Harold G. Koenig & Arndt Büssing	Kenneth I. Pargament, Bruce W. Smith, Harold G. Koenig, & Lennon Perez
نوع	Self-report	Self-report
منبع بنیادین	Koenig, H. G., & Büssing, A. (2010). The Duke University Religion Index (DUREL): A five-item measure for use in epidemical studies. Religions, 1(1), 78–85.	Pargament, K. I., Smith, B. W., Koenig, H. G., & Perez, L. (1998). Patterns of positive and negative religious coping with major life stressors. Journal for the Scientific Study of Religion, 37(4), 710–724.
نام‌های دیگر	DUREL	Brief RCOPE, RCOPE-14
مرتبط	4	4
خلاصه	The DUREL is a brief, five-item self-report measure of religious involvement developed by Koenig and Büssing in 2010. Designed specifically for epidemiological and health services research, it captures three dimensions of religiosity: organizational religious activity (church attendance), non-organizational religious activity (private prayer and study), and intrinsic religiosity (religious motivation and meaning). The scale is widely used in gerontology, medical sociology, and health outcomes research to assess how religious engagement correlates with physical and mental well-being.	The Brief RCOPE, developed by Pargament and colleagues (1998), is a 14-item measure that distinguishes between positive and negative religious coping strategies that individuals employ when facing major life stressors. Derived from the longer 105-item RCOPE, the Brief RCOPE captures how people use faith, prayer, spiritual reframing, and community support to manage illness, loss, and adversity, while also identifying religiously-based distress responses (e.g., spiritual anger, perception of abandonment by God). It has become a standard measure in health psychology, particularly in research on coping with serious illness, grief, and trauma.