مقایسهٔ روش‌ها

	DPSIR Framework	ارزش‌گذاری خدمات اکوسیستم
حوزه	پایداری	پایداری
خانواده	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
سال پیدایش	1993	1997
پدیدآور	OECD, refined by European Environment Agency	Robert Costanza, Rudolf de Groot, and team
نوع	Diagnostic framework	Valuation method
منبع بنیادین	European Environment Agency (1999). Environmental Indicators: Typology and Overview. EEA Technical Report No. 25. Copenhagen: EEA.	Costanza, R., d'Arge, R., de Groot, R., Farberk, S., Grasso, M., Hannon, B., ... & van den Belt, M. (1997). The value of the world's ecosystem services and natural capital. Nature, 387(6630), 253-260.
نام‌های دیگر	DPSIR, PSR, Pressure-State-Response	ESV, Natural capital accounting, Environmental valuation
مرتبط	3	3
خلاصه	The DPSIR Framework (Driving force, Pressure, State, Impact, Response) is a diagnostic and policy tool developed by the OECD (1993) and refined by the European Environment Agency (1999) to structure environmental and sustainability problems. It organizes causal relationships from economic activity through to policy interventions, enabling governments and organizations to identify where to intervene for environmental improvement.	Ecosystem Services Valuation (ESV) is a framework pioneered by Costanza and colleagues (1997) that assigns economic value to the benefits nature provides to humanity—from pollination and water purification to climate regulation and cultural enjoyment. Formalized in the Millennium Ecosystem Assessment (2005) and The Economics of Ecosystems and Biodiversity (TEEB 2010), ESV bridges ecology and economics to make the invisible value of ecosystems visible to policymakers and markets.