مقایسهٔ روش‌ها

	Crime Displacement and Diffusion Analysis	Crime Mapping
حوزه	Criminology	Criminology
خانواده	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
سال پیدایش	2003	2005
پدیدآور	Kate Bowers & Shane Johnson	Rachel Boba Santos, Spencer Chainey & Jerry Ratcliffe (modern synthesis)
نوع	Quasi-experimental spatial impact assessment of crime prevention	Geographic information analysis of crime locations
منبع بنیادین	Bowers, K. J., & Johnson, S. D. (2003). Measuring the geographical displacement and diffusion of benefit effects of crime prevention activity. Journal of Quantitative Criminology, 19(3), 275–301.	Boba Santos, R. (2017). Crime Analysis with Crime Mapping (4th ed.). SAGE Publications. ISBN: 9781506331034
نام‌های دیگر	Crime Displacement Analysis, Diffusion of Benefits Analysis, Weighted Displacement Quotient, WDQ Analysis	Geographic Crime Analysis, Crime Cartography, GIS Crime Mapping, Spatial Crime Analysis
مرتبط	4	4
خلاصه	Displacement and diffusion analysis evaluates what happens around a crime-prevention intervention: does crime simply move to nearby areas, times, or targets (displacement), or do the benefits spill over so that crime also falls in surrounding untreated areas (diffusion of benefits)? Bowers and Johnson's weighted displacement quotient (WDQ) provides a simple, widely used metric that compares pre/post crime change in a target area, a surrounding buffer, and a control area.	Crime mapping is the practice of geocoding crime incidents to their locations and using geographic information systems (GIS) to visualize and analyze where crime concentrates. It spans simple pin maps, area-based choropleth maps, and continuous density surfaces, and underpins the geographic side of modern crime analysis — from CompStat briefings to problem-oriented policing.