مقایسهٔ روش‌ها

	Direct Standardization	تحلیل جدول عمر
حوزه	جمعیت‌شناسی	جمعیت‌شناسی
خانواده	Process / pipeline	Survival analysis
سال پیدایش	2001	1984
پدیدآور	Classical demographic method (formalized by Preston, Heuveline & Guillot)	Demographic/actuarial tradition; Chiang
نوع	Rate adjustment by reweighting to a standard population	Age-structured mortality estimator
منبع بنیادین	Preston, S. H., Heuveline, P., & Guillot, M. (2001). Demography: Measuring and Modeling Population Processes. Blackwell. ISBN: 9781557864512	Chiang, C. L. (1984). The Life Table and Its Applications. Robert E. Krieger Publishing. ISBN: 978-0-89874-565-2
نام‌های دیگر	Directly standardized rate, Age-standardized rate, Direct method of standardization, Doğrudan Standardizasyon	Mortality Table, Actuarial Table, Survival Table, Yaşam Tablosu
مرتبط	4	3
خلاصه	Direct standardization is a demographic technique that makes summary rates comparable across populations by applying each population's group-specific rates — most often age-specific death or disease rates — to a single, common standard population structure. The resulting directly standardized rate answers a counterfactual question: what would the crude rate be if every population had the same age (or other) composition? It removes the confounding effect of differing population structure so that genuine differences in underlying risk can be compared on a level footing.	A life table is a systematic, age-structured summary of the mortality experience of a population. It traces a hypothetical cohort of births — conventionally 100,000 — through successive age intervals, recording how many survive, how many die, and how many person-years are lived at each interval. The method was formalized in its modern probabilistic form by Chiang (1984), synthesizing centuries of actuarial and demographic practice into a rigorous statistical framework applicable to human and biological populations alike.