مقایسهٔ روشها
روشهای انتخابی خود را کنار هم مرور کنید؛ ردیفهای متفاوت برجسته شدهاند.
| نمونهگیری موارد انحرافی× | نمونهگیری گلولهبرفی× | |
|---|---|---|
| حوزه | روششناسی پیمایش | روششناسی پیمایش |
| خانواده | Process / pipeline | Process / pipeline |
| سال پیدایش≠ | 1990 | 1961 |
| پدیدآور≠ | Michael Quinn Patton | Leo A. Goodman |
| نوع≠ | Purposive qualitative sampling strategy | Non-probability sampling technique |
| منبع بنیادین≠ | Patton, M. Q. (2002). Qualitative Research and Evaluation Methods (3rd ed.). Sage Publications. ISBN: 978-0761919711 | Goodman, L. A. (1961). Snowball sampling. Annals of Mathematical Statistics, 32(1), 148–170. DOI ↗ |
| نامهای دیگر | extreme case sampling, outlier sampling, negative case sampling, deviant-case selection | chain-referral sampling, network sampling, respondent-driven sampling, referral sampling |
| مرتبط≠ | 5 | 3 |
| خلاصه≠ | Deviant case sampling is a purposive qualitative sampling strategy in which the researcher intentionally selects cases that are unusual, exceptional, or markedly different from the norm — outliers, extreme successes, or conspicuous failures. The goal is not statistical representation but deep learning from cases that illuminate the boundaries of a phenomenon, challenge prevailing assumptions, or reveal processes that typical cases obscure. | Snowball sampling is a non-probability recruitment technique in which initial participants (seeds) refer the researcher to others who meet the study criteria, and those referrals in turn refer further participants. The sample grows incrementally — like a rolling snowball — until the required size or theoretical saturation is reached. It is the method of choice when a target population has no accessible sampling frame, such as undocumented migrants, illicit drug users, survivors of stigmatised experiences, or members of closed professional networks. |
| ScholarGateمجموعهداده ↗ |
|
|